Types Of Physical Therapy Interventions Research Articles

Improving Motor Proficiency in Children with Developmental Delays: A Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Impact of Motor Skills Interventions

This study investigated the impact of motor skill interventions in improving motor proficiency among children with developmental delays following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis “PRISMA” recommendations. The included studies were searched on four databases: Google Scholar, PEDro, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library. Studies published during the year 2012 to 2022 were selected. The data was extracted by defining the publication year, type of study design, targeted population, and type of physical therapy intervention. The outcome measures included four components of motor proficiency: bilateral coordination, balance, speed and agility, and strength. The results revealed statistically significant findings and a large effect size for bilateral coordination (SMD=1.003, CI=95%) and speed and agility (SMD=0.854, CI=95%). However, a smaller effect size with significant findings was observed in the balance domains (SMD=0.333, CI=95%) and strength (SMD=0.337, CI=95%). Despite the promising results of the analyzed interventions, some of the included studies observed a high risk of bias. However, it is evident from the analysis that protocols directed toward advanced approaches have shown more promising results than traditional physical exercise regimens.

Describing the Delivery of Evidence-Based Physical Therapy Intervention to Individuals With Cerebral Palsy.

To characterize by evidence grades and examine variation in type of physical therapy intervention delivered in routine clinical care in individuals with cerebral palsy (CP). Retrospective data collection from the electronic record over 1 year at a tertiary care pediatric outpatient therapy division. Four hundred sixty-five individuals with CP received 28 344 interventions during 4335 treatment visits. Sixty-six percent of interventions were evidence-based interventions (EBIs). Significant variation was demonstrated across Gross Motor Function Classification System levels, with children classified as level V receiving the least and level III the most. The most frequent EBIs delivered were caregiver education, motor control, functional strengthening, ankle-foot orthoses, treadmill training, and fit of adaptive equipment. Further work is needed to determine whether amount of EBI is related to better outcomes. Combining this information with other aspects of dose (intensity, time, and frequency) may elucidate the contribution of each with outcomes.

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF CHILDREN VICTIMS OF BURNS ATTENDED IN A REFERENCE HOSPI-TAL IN THE AMAZON

Background: Burns represent a traumatic situation in children. Such trauma is experienced after hospital discharge, when the child finds it difficult to interact in his social and family environment. Information is the most effective way to reduce the consequences generated by the burn. Objectives: To trace the epidemiological profile of children victims of burns who enter a referral hospital in the Amazon. Methods: This study was retrospective, descriptive, observational, cross-sectional and documentary, of a quantitative nature, carried out through analyzes in hospital records, from January 2016 to December 2018. Results: Of the 403 records analyzed, the gender male stood out with 237 (59%) and female 166 (41%); the burned body surface index was 0 to 10% with 210 (52%); the burn depth was 2nd degree, with 370 (92%) of the total cases; medical drug treatment, tramadol as the most used 180 (53%). As for clinical treatment with intervention, debridement indicated a higher prevalence 340 (84%) of cases. In physical therapy treatment, 255 (63%) did not undergo any type of physical therapy intervention, 389 (97%) did not present any complications during hospitalization. Conclusions: Studies to date are scarce with specific and detailed data on the subject, so that effective intervention strategies are provided in order to reduce this trauma in children, especially in the most prevalent age group of this study.

How does the intensity of physical therapy affect the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM-66) total score in children with cerebral palsy? A systematic review protocol

IntroductionIntensive physical therapy (PT) interventions administered to children with cerebral palsy (CP) have received a significant amount of attention in published literature. However, there is considerable variability in therapy intensity...

Physical therapy in Down syndrome: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Down syndrome is the most common chromosomal abnormality, with a worldwide incidence of around 0.1% in live births. It is related to several conditions in which the physical therapy could take action-preventing co-morbidities. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of physical therapy in Down syndrome, to know and compare the effectiveness of different physical therapy interventions in this population. A systematic review and a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials were conducted. The search was performed during June 2018 in the following databases: PubMed, Web of Science, Physiotherapy Evidence Database and Scopus. The studies were selected using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale evaluated the quality of the methods used in the studies. Subsequently, the data were extracted, and statistical analysis was performed when possible. A total of 27 articles were included, of which nine contributed information to the meta-analysis. Statistical analysis showed favourable results for the strength of upper and lower limbs [standardised mean difference (SMD)=1.46; 95% confidence interval (CI): (0.77-2.15); and SMD=2.04; 95% CI: (1.07-3.01)] and mediolateral oscillations of balance [SMD=-3.30; 95% CI: (-5.34 to -1.26)]. The results show the potential benefit of certain types of physical therapy interventions, specifically in strength and balance, in people with Down syndrome. There are still many aspects to clarify and new lines of research.

Is there any role for physical therapy in chronic GvHD?

Chronic GvHD is the leading cause of non-relapse mortality in recipients of hematopoietic cell transplantation. Although the benefit of physical therapy (PT) has been reported in some GvHD studies, a literature gap is identified in demonstrating the exact role of different types of PT interventions and their impact on GvHD outcomes. An electronic search was undertaken using 13 peer-reviewed databases from 1994 to 2016. JADAD scoring method was used to score the quality of articles. PT interventions utilized for non-GvHD aspects of transplantation were excluded. Out of the 4775 articles on the electronic search, 297 articles were reviewed out of which 3 fulfilled the selection criteria. Moderately high evidence for effectiveness of supervised PT intervention was found, whereas moderate evidence for a self-administered exercise program was established. No safety concerns with PT were observed in any of the studies, however none of the studies were conducted to directly evaluate safety and effectiveness specifically in GvHD patients. PT is a safe but understudied therapy for GvHD. Limited evidence on the effectiveness of most PT interventions is available through randomized control trials. Well-designed trials are urgently needed for musculoskeletal GvHD especially with focused PT interventions.

A content analysis of stroke physical therapy intervention using stroke physiotherapy intervention recording tool.

[Purpose] Physical therapy for recovery of function in people with stroke is known to be effective, but which type of physical therapy intervention is most effective is uncertain because a concrete and detailed record of interventions is done. This study aimed to record, analyze, and describe the content of physical therapy interventions for recovery of function after stroke using stroke physiotherapy intervention recording tool (SPIRIT). [Subjects and Methods] A convenience sample of 23 physical therapists from a rehabilitation hospital in Chung-nam recorded the interventions for 73 patients with stroke who were treated for 30 minutes in 670 treatment sessions. Treatment session contents were recorded using SPIRIT. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the interventions accurately and to investigate the differences according to time since stroke. [Results] Facilitation techniques were the most frequently used interventions (n=1,342, 35.1%), followed by practice (n=1,056, 27.6%), and exercise (n=748, 19.6%) in the physical therapists’ clinical practice. [Conclusion] This pattern shows that physical therapists were focused on functional activity. Organizing or teaching patient activities for independent practice interventions (n=286, 7.5%) were used to encourage patient activity and independence outside the treatment sessions. Interventions according to time since stroke were not significantly different.

Do Physical Therapy Interventions Affect Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life in People with Multiple Sclerosis?: An Evidence-Based Review.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) presents with many debilitating symptoms, including urinary incontinence (UI), that physical therapy (PT) may address; UI is widely prevalent, but PT management of symptoms lacks consensus. A meta-analysis of long-term nonsurgical and nonpharmaceutical treatment options may supply this deficiency. We analyzed the current evidence for effectiveness of PT to decrease UI and improve quality of life (QOL) in people with MS. An electronic search conducted through November 26, 2013, included the following search terms: incontinence, bladder dysfunction, urinary incontinence, multiple sclerosis, MS, physical therapy, physiotherapy, therapy, and rehabilitation. Criteria for inclusion were as follows: MS diagnosis, intervention involved PT for UI or bladder dysfunction, outcomes assessed QOL or UI, and at least a 4 of 10 on the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale or a 2b level of evidence. Outcomes were combined across studies, and effect sizes are depicted in forest plots. Six studies met the inclusion criteria. Between-group analysis revealed statistically significant differences in incontinence episodes and QOL, but did not reach significance for functional control mechanisms (eg, electromyography data on strength of contraction, relaxation, and endurance). Incontinence leakage episodes and QOL participation improved within groups. Meta-analysis indicates support for PT for minimizing incontinence compared with pretreatment and affecting incontinence and QOL more than control in people with MS. Protocols were heterogeneous regarding duration and type of PT intervention and were applied in different types of MS. Further research may reveal the most effective combination and variety of PT interventions for people with MS.

Capacidade funcional de idosos com osteoartrite submetidos a fisioterapia aquática e terrestre

INTRODUÇÃO: A Osteoartrite (OA) é uma doença articular crônico-degenerativa que, quando sintomática, progride num padrão que inclui incapacidade para marcha e redução da Capacidade Funcional (CF), sendo sua manutenção um requisito importante para um envelhecimento saudável. Desse modo, vários recursos terapêuticos, entre eles a Fisioterapia Aquática (FA) e a Fisioterapia Terrestre (FT) surgem como alternativas para o tratamento dessa enfermidade. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto da FA e da FT na CF de idosos com diagnóstico de OA de joelho. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Quinze voluntários com diagnóstico clínico e radiográfico de OA de joelho com idade entre 60 a 80 anos foram distribuídos aleatoriamente entre os grupos: FA (n = 5), que realizou cinesioterapia em imersão; FT (n = 5), que realizou cinesioterapia em solo; e grupo controle (GC) (n = 5), que não recebeu qualquer tipo de intervenção fisioterapêutica. A CF foi avaliada com base na velocidade da marcha usual, por meio de células fotoelétricas, nos movimentos de caminhar e subir e descer escadas. RESULTADOS: Observou-se que os participantes da FA apresentaram melhora significativa no tempo da marcha usual (p = 0,007), marcha rápida (p = 0,02), subir escadas (p = 0,02) e descer escadas (p = 0,01), houve resultado satisfatório na FT apenas para descer escadas (p = 0,04). Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas no GC. CONCLUSÃO: Por meio dos resultados obtidos neste estudo, conclui-se que a FA seja a mais indicada para tratamento da OA, com resultados significativos na melhora da CF.

Oral–Motor Function and Feeding Intervention

ABSTRACTThis article presents the elements of the Oral Motor Intervention section of the Infant Care Path for Physical Therapy in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The types of physical therapy interventions presented in this path are evidence based as well as infant driven and family focused. In the context of anticipated maturation of suck–swallow–breathe coordination, the timing and methods for initiation of oral feedings and transition from gavage to full breast or bottle-feedings are presented with supporting evidence.

Physical Therapy Intervention in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

ABSTRACTThis article presents the elements of the Intervention section of the Infant Care Path for Physical Therapy in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The types of physical therapy interventions presented in this path are evidence-based and the suggested timing of these interventions is primarily based on practice knowledge from expert therapists, with supporting evidence cited. Physical therapy intervention in the NICU is infant-driven and focuses on providing family-centered care. In this context, interventions to facilitate a calm behavioral state and motor organization in the infant, address positioning and handling of the infant, and provide movement therapy are presented.

Patient Age Is Related to the Types of Physical Therapy Interventions Provided for Chronic Low Back Pain: An Observational Study

Retrospective analysis of a longitudinal cohort of patients treated for chronic low back pain (CLBP). To determine whether patient age is associated with types of physical therapy interventions received for CLBP. Advancing age is associated with less positive treatment outcomes in patients with CLBP. If patient age influences a therapist's choice of interventions, it may partially explain the difference in treatment outcomes. Data were examined in a sample of 7392 patients (62% women, 38% men; mean ± SD age, 56.7 ± 16.5 years) with CLBP. We used a generalized estimating equation to examine the probability of each subject receiving each of the individual intervention categories in the presence of the other intervention categories. A significant interaction between intervention category and age existed after controlling for gender, duration of symptoms, comorbidities, payer source, and functional status at initial intake (χ(2) = 130.27, df = 8, P<.0001). The changes in probability of receiving an intervention category averaged 10% as patient age increased. The probability of receiving exercise or task-specific training did not change with advancing age. The probability of receiving postural exercises, pain modalities, joint mobility techniques, ice, or McKenzie exercises decreased with advancing age. The probability of receiving augmented soft tissue mobilization and balance/mobility training increased as age increased. The impact of age on physical therapist treatment choices varies depending on the type of intervention. Other variables in addition to age may have an impact on treatment choice. Further research is needed to determine how therapists incorporate age into their clinical decision making.